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Wildlife, Flora and Species 
Warning: contains a toxic substance that causes painful skin reactions upon contact. In case of exposure, immediately wash the affected area with cold water and a degreasing soap, and contact Info-Santé 811.
Poison Ivy
Poison ivy is a native perennial plant found throughout all regions of Quebec. It is easily recognized by its glossy leaves, which grow in groups of three leaflets. In spring, its young leaves are generally reddish, while in summer, the foliage becomes dark green and glossy. In autumn, the leaves turn various shades of yellow, orange, or red.
The toxic sap of poison ivy can cause a skin reaction in most people who come into contact with the plant.
Description
Found throughout all regions of Québec, poison ivy grows in a wide variety of environments. It is a perennial plant that generally takes the form of a small shrub, although a climbing variety is also found in southwestern Québec.
Leaves
The leaves of poison ivy are glossy and consist of three pointed leaflets. The central leaflet has a noticeably longer stem than the two others. The edges of the leaves may be smooth or slightly toothed.
Their colour varies depending on the season:
- Reddish in spring,
- Green in summer,
- Yellow, orange or red in fall
Fruits
In June and July, poison ivy produces small clusters of cream-coloured flowers.
In September, poison ivy produces round, waxy fruits grouped in clusters, whose colour ranges from green to yellow.
It can reach a height ranging from 20 centimetres to 1 metre. It spreads either through its seeds or through an extensive network of underground stems, making it a particularly invasive plant.
Why get rid of it?
The sap of poison ivy contains urushiol, a toxic substance found in all parts of the plant (leaves, stems, roots, and fruits). Upon contact with the skin, it causes intense itching, redness, swelling, and a burning sensation.
How to limit its presence?
Removing poison ivy requires special precautions due to the toxicity of its sap. Before taking any action, consult the official guide from the Government of Québec, which outlines recommended methods, required protective equipment, and safe disposal of the plants.
Identifying and removing poison ivy
Poison ivy roots are generally found 10 to 15 cm below the soil surface. The plant can also spread through underground stems. To limit its growth, it is therefore important to completely remove the plants, making sure to remove the roots, especially around infested areas.
Things to remember before taking action:
- Protect yourself (rubber gloves, long sleeves, pants, rain boots, and protective eyewear).
- Never burn poison ivy, as the smoke can cause serious respiratory problems.
- Be careful: even dead plants remain toxic for a long time.
In case of contact:
Immediately wash exposed skin with cold water and a degreasing soap. Contact Info-Santé 811 for advice, or consult a doctor if the reaction is severe or affects the face, eyes, or genitals.
What to do with the plant waste?
Never compost or burn the waste.
Place the plants in a sturdy, tightly closed garbage bag, clearly label the bag to warn waste collectors (“Poison Ivy – Toxic”), and dispose of it with household garbage.
